According to the American Speech-Language-Hearing
Association , approximately 3-9 percent of the
population, or roughly 17 million people in the
United States, experience some persistent type
of difficulty with their voice, also known as
dysphonia. Certain conditions such as colds or
upper respiratory infections can cause acute or
temporary voice loss. Frequent voice loss
or hoarseness that lasts two weeks or longer may
indicate a problem that requires medical evaluation
and management.
Our voice allows us to express our thoughts,
moods, emotions, and intentions. Whether
through speech or through song, voice allows us
to express ourselves in a unique way. A
voice disorder can have far reaching vocational,
psychosocial, financial, and emotional consequences.
Causes of a voice disorder
There are many, and sometimes multiple, potential
causes of voice problems. Appropriate diagnosis
and treatment include examination of all contributing
factors such as infection, inflammation,
voice misuse or overuse, the presence of growths
(benign or cancerous), neurological conditions,
and psychological factors. Common causes
of voice changes or disorders include voice misuse,
reflux, chronic tobacco use, muscle tension and
aging. Most voice problems are correctable.
If diagnosed and treated early, long-term and
permanent problems can often be avoided.
Who develops voice disorders?
Anyone can develop a voice disorder regardless
of age, sex, or ethnicity. Certain types
of occupations are susceptible to voice injury
or problem such as those that include extensive
nature of talking or the type of voice use required;
for example teachers, coaches, vocalists,
clergy, public speakers, politicians, telemarketers,
and salespersons.
When to seek help
You should see a doctor if you have hoarseness
that lasts for more than two weeks. If your
hoarseness or voice change is accompanied by difficulty
swallowing, shortness of breath, or difficulty
breathing, you should see a doctor immediately.
Early identification and medical attention often
results in a more timely diagnosis with less severe
symptoms and a shorter recovery period.
